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原文連結
論文資訊
- 類型：已發表論文
- 日期：1998
摘要
社會 insect societies are complex adaptive systems that self-organize within a set of constraints. Al though it is important to acknowledge that global order in 社會 insects can arise as a result of internal interactions among insects, it is equally important to include external factors and constraints in the picture, especially as the colony and its environment may influence each other through interactions among internal and external factors. The scope of this remark goes beyond 社會 insects and applies to a wide range of 生物 systems, including ecosystems.
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