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原文連結
論文資訊
- 類型：已發表論文
- 日期：2002
摘要
The causes of major and rapid transitions observed in 生物 macro演化 as well as in the 演化 of 社會 systems are a subject of much debate. Here we identify the proximate causes of crashes and recoveries that arise dynamically in a model system in which 族群s of (molecular) 物種 coevolve with their 網絡 of chemical interactions. Crashes are events that involve the rapid extinction of many 物種, and recoveries the assimilation of new ones. These are analyzed and classified in terms of the structural properties of the 網絡. We find that in the absence of large external perturbation, "innovation" is a major cause of large extinctions and the prime cause of recoveries. Another major cause of crashes is the extinction of a "keystone 物種." Different classes of causes produce crashes of different characteristic sizes
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