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原文連結
論文資訊
- 類型：已發表論文
- 日期：2011
摘要
Ideas are like fire, observed Thomas Jefferson in 1813—資訊 can be passed on without relinquishing it (1). Indeed, the ease and benefit of sharing 資訊 select for individuals to aggregate into groups, driving the buildup of complexity in the 生物 world (2, 3). Once the members of some collective—whether cells of a fruit fly or citizens of a democratic society—have accumulated 資訊, they must integrate that 資訊 and make decisions based upon it. When these members share a common interest, as do the stomata on the surface of a plant leaf (4), integrating distributed 資訊 may be a 計算 challenge. But when individuals do not have entirely coincident interests, strategic problems arise. Members of animal herds, for example, face a tension between aggregating 資訊 for the benefit of the herd as a whole, and avo
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