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原文連結
論文資訊
- 類型：已發表論文
- 日期：2012
摘要
The celebrated Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) 熵, S-BG = -k Sigma(i)p(i)ln p(i), and associated 統計 mechanics are essentially based on hypotheses such as 遍歷ity, i.e., when ensemble averages coincide with time averages. This dynamical simplification occurs in classical systems (and 量子 counterparts) whose microscopic 演化 is governed by a positive largest 李雅普諾夫 exponent (LLE). Under such circumstances, relevant microscopic variables behave, from the probabilistic viewpoint, as (nearly) independent. Many phenomena exist, however, in natural, artificial and 社會 systems (geophysics, astrophysics, biophysics, 經濟s, and others) that violate 遍歷ity. To cover a (possibly) wide class of such systems, a generalization (nonextensive 統計 mechanics) of the BG theory was proposed in 1988. This theory is based on nonadditi
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