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原文連結
論文資訊
- 類型：已發表論文
- 日期：2015-06-10
摘要
Multicellularity is characterized by 合作 among cells for the development, maintenance and reproduction of the multicellular organism. 癌症 can be viewed as cheating within this cooperative multicellular system. Complex multicellularity, and the 合作 underlying it, has evolved independently multiple times. We review the existing literature on 癌症 and 癌症-like phenomena across life, not only focusing on complex multicellularity but also reviewing 癌症-like phenomena across the tree of life more broadly. We find that 癌症 is characterized by a breakdown of the central features of 合作 that characterize multicellularity, including cheating in proliferation inhibition, cell death, division of labour, resource allocation and extracellular environment maintenance (which we term the five foundations of multice
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