摘要 Most models of 複雜系統s have been homogeneous, i.e.,

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• 類型：已發表論文
• 日期：2023-01-31

摘要

Most models of 複雜系統s have been homogeneous, i.e., all elements have the same properties (spatial, temporal, structural, functional). However, most natural systems are heterogeneous: few elements are more relevant, larger, stronger, or faster than others. In homogeneous systems, 臨界性—a balance between change and stability, order and 混沌—is usually found for a very narrow region in the parameter space, close to a 相變. Using random Boolean 網絡s—a general model of discrete dynamical systems—we show that heterogeneity—in time, structure, and function—can broaden additively the parameter region where 臨界性 is found. Moreover, parameter regions where antifragility is found are also increased with heterogeneity. However, maximum antifragility is found for particular parameters in homogeneous 網絡s. Our wo

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